Orthopedic Surgeon in Houston, Texas refers to the gradual deterioration of the intervertebral discs, which are the soft, rubbery cushions between the bones (vertebrae) in the spine. As a natural part of aging or due to injury, these discs can lose their flexibility, elasticity, and shock-absorbing abilities, leading to pain, stiffness, and in some cases, neurological problems. Orthopedic surgeons, specialists in the musculoskeletal system, are integral to managing and treating this condition. Their approach typically involves a combination of non-surgical methods, advanced imaging, and surgical intervention, depending on the severity of the disease and its impact on the patient’s quality of life.

Diagnosis of Degenerative Disc Disease

Before beginning treatment, orthopedic surgeons conduct a thorough evaluation of the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and physical exam. A physical examination may reveal signs of muscle weakness, pain, and restricted movement in the back. In most cases, X-rays are used to assess the overall health of the spine and look for signs of disc degeneration, such as narrowing of the disc spaces or bone spurs. More advanced imaging, such as MRI or CT scans, is often used to visualize soft tissues and evaluate the extent of the disc degeneration and its impact on surrounding structures like nerves.

Non-Surgical Treatments

For many patients with degenerative disc disease, conservative treatments can provide relief and manage symptoms. These treatments aim to reduce inflammation, alleviate pain, and enhance mobility without the need for surgery.

1. Physical Therapy: One of the first lines of treatment for DDD is physical therapy. Orthopedic surgeons often recommend specific exercises designed to strengthen the muscles surrounding the spine, improve posture, and increase flexibility. These exercises can help reduce pressure on the discs, improve spinal stability, and prevent further degeneration.
2. Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen are commonly prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, stronger medications like muscle relaxants or oral corticosteroids may be used for short periods. For chronic pain, nerve pain medications or antidepressants that help with pain management might be considered.
3. Epidural Steroid Injections: In patients where pain is severe and not responding to oral medications, orthopedic surgeons may recommend corticosteroid injections directly into the epidural space around the affected nerves. These injections reduce inflammation and offer temporary relief, which can be valuable for managing pain and improving function.
4. Lifestyle Modifications: Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding heavy lifting, and adopting ergonomic practices at work and home can help prevent further strain on the spine and manage symptoms.

Surgical Treatment

In cases where non-surgical treatments do not provide sufficient relief, or if the degenerative changes lead to nerve compression, surgical intervention may be considered. The decision for surgery is often based on factors such as the severity of the disease, the presence of neurological symptoms (like numbness, tingling, or weakness), and the impact on the patient’s daily activities.

1. Spinal Fusion: One of the most common surgical procedures for DDD is spinal fusion. This involves the removal of the degenerated disc and fusing the vertebrae above and below the affected disc. This procedure eliminates motion at the affected level, providing stability and relief from pain caused by disc degeneration. The fusion is typically performed using bone grafts or implants that help promote healing between the vertebrae.
2. Disc Replacement: In some cases, a surgeon may opt for artificial disc replacement. This surgery involves removing the damaged disc and replacing it with a prosthetic disc. Unlike fusion, this procedure preserves motion in the spine and may be a better option for younger patients who want to maintain spinal flexibility.
3. Laminectomy or Laminotomy: If the disc degeneration has led to nerve compression (such as in the case of spinal stenosis), the surgeon may recommend a laminectomy or laminotomy. These procedures involve removing part of the vertebra or the lamina (the bony roof of the spinal canal) to relieve pressure on the nerves.

Eric F Berkman MD – Top Rated Orthopedic Surgeon in Houston, Texas. Specializing in treating various orthopedic conditions of shoulder, elbow, knee, hand, and foot and ankle. Orthopedic injuries are common in motor vehicle accidents, sports and in daily activities. He offers a comprehensive and high quality medical care for his patients. Dr Berkman offers the best possible treatment and utmost care to each individual to restore freedom of movement and relieve the pain of diseased and degenerative joints

Orthopedic surgeons are essential in diagnosing and treating degenerative disc disease, using a combination of non-surgical treatments and advanced surgical techniques to improve patient outcomes. For many patients, conservative therapies such as physical therapy, medications, and lifestyle changes can offer relief. However, for those with more severe or persistent symptoms, surgical options like spinal fusion or disc replacement may be necessary to restore function and reduce pain. Early intervention and a personalized treatment plan tailored to the patient’s needs are key to managing this condition effectively.