Laser eye surgery has transformed the way people correct vision problems, offering a long-term solution for those who want to reduce or eliminate their dependence on glasses and contact lenses. This advanced procedure reshapes the cornea using laser technology, correcting common refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. With its high success rates and fast recovery times, laser eye surgery continues to be a popular choice for vision correction.

What is Laser Eye Surgery?

Laser eye surgery is a precise medical procedure that improves vision by modifying the cornea—the clear front part of the eye—so that light is properly focused Implantable collamer lens surgery onto the retina. There are three primary types of laser eye surgery:

• LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis): The most common procedure, LASIK involves creating a thin flap on the cornea. A laser reshapes the underlying tissue, and the flap is repositioned for quick healing.
• PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy): Instead of creating a flap, PRK removes the outer layer of the cornea (epithelium) before reshaping the corneal tissue. The epithelium naturally regenerates over time, making PRK an option for individuals with thinner corneas.
• SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction): A newer technique that involves creating and removing a small lenticule (thin tissue layer) through a tiny incision in the cornea. This method preserves more of the eye’s structure and promotes faster healing.

Who is Eligible for Laser Eye Surgery?

Laser eye surgery is best suited for adults over 18 who have a stable vision prescription. Ideal candidates should have healthy corneas and no serious eye conditions such as cataracts, glaucoma, or severe dry eyes. A thorough examination by an ophthalmologist is necessary to determine suitability for the procedure.

How the Procedure Works

The surgery is performed on an outpatient basis and typically takes 15 to 30 minutes for both eyes. The patient receives numbing eye drops to ensure comfort. The surgeon then uses a laser to reshape the cornea, improving its ability to focus light accurately. Many patients notice improved vision within a few hours, although full recovery can take a few weeks.

Recovery and Aftercare

After surgery, patients may experience mild discomfort, dryness, and temporary light sensitivity. Eye drops are prescribed to aid healing and prevent infections. To ensure a smooth recovery, patients should avoid rubbing their eyes, swimming, and engaging in strenuous activities for a few weeks. Most people can return to work within a few days.

Risks and Potential Side Effects

Although laser eye surgery is generally safe and effective, some risks exist. Common side effects include dry eyes, glare, halos around lights, and temporary vision fluctuations. Rare complications, such as infections or corneal flap issues (in LASIK), can occur. However, choosing a skilled surgeon and following post-operative care instructions can significantly reduce these risks.

Laser eye surgery is a life-changing procedure that offers a long-term solution for vision correction. With continued advancements in laser technology, the procedure is safer and more effective than ever. However, consulting an eye specialist is essential to determine if it is the right option based on individual eye health and vision needs.